Allergic reactions are sensitivities to allergens when they come into contact with part of your body. Allergens can take many forms including foods, animals, nature and medication.
It is thought that 41 million people in the UK live with at least one allergy. Whilst many of these are diagnosed or known, sometimes an allergic reaction can spring up and surprise sufferers. This is why it is so important that both sufferers and non-sufferers can recognise the symptoms and get the appropriate help.
Assess the severity
First, take note of the symptoms that you are displaying. Mild reactions may include sneezing, coughing, a runny nose and itchy eyes. Whilst these symptoms are annoying, they are not usually life-threatening and can be treated outside of a hospital.
More severe reactions can lead to vomiting, hives, itching, abdominal pain, breathing difficulties, light-headedness and even unconsciousness. These will usually require medical attention, and in the case of the latter symptoms, the emergency services should be called.
Mild allergic reactions
Most mild to moderate allergic reactions can be treated with home remedies or over-the-counter medications. Antihistamines are a common treatment as they reduce your body’s ability to produce histamine. This leads to a reduction in most symptoms like sneezing, watery eyes and itchiness.
Decongestants are another option, but this medication focuses on minor respiratory symptoms such as stuffiness, coughing and swollen sinuses. However, these shouldn’t be used for more than a week – if you do need more, speak to your doctor for alternatives.
Severe allergic reactions
Serious allergic reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, which is where your body is sent into a state of shock. Anaphylaxis can affect your organs and potentially result in a coma, organ failure or even death.
Symptoms of anaphylaxis include tingling in your hands, feet or lips, a swollen tongue or mouth, difficulty breathing and a fast but weak pulse. If you have been diagnosed with a serious allergy and carry an EpiPen, make sure you administer this into your thigh as soon as you notice symptoms. Then be sure to call an ambulance or have someone call for you.
Figure out the cause
If you experience an allergic reaction, you need to identify the cause to avoid it happening again. Speak to your doctor about what transpired. They will likely send you for testing. You may be asked to complete a skin prick or patch test. Blood tests may also be suggested.
Food allergies are common so it may be recommended that you take part in an elimination diet. This is where you omit certain foods and see if an allergic reaction is prevented.
Some reactions can be caused by medications, especially if the incorrect medication is administered by a medical professional where the information on your allergy is known and available to them. If your condition worsens, the consequences can be serious and you may be able to claim compensation as a result.
